Isotretinoin is a medication used for the treatment of severe acne. It is a retinoid, meaning it is derived from vitamin A and is found in small quantities naturally in the body. Oral isotretinoin is marketed under various trade names, most commonly Accutane or Roaccutane; while topical isotretinoin is most commonly marketed under the trade names Isotrex or Isotrexin (Stiefel).

Isotretinoin is indicated for the treatment of severe cystic acne vulgaris. It is also effective for hidradenitis suppurativa and some cases of severe acne rosacea. It is generally not used as a first-line treatment in moderate cases due to the potential adverse effects.

Isotretinoin noticeably reduces the production of sebum and shrinks the sebaceous glands. It stabilises keratinization and prevents comedones from forming. The exact mechanism of action is unknown, however it is known that it alters DNA transcription. Isotretinoin, when administered orally, is best absorbed when taken after a high fat meal, as it has a high level of lipophilicity.

Isotretinoin is a teratogen and is highly likely to cause birth defects if taken during pregnancy. Isotretinoin is classified as FDA Pregnancy Category X and ADEC Category X, and use is contraindicated in pregnancy.

Before taking any prescription medicine, it is important that you consult your doctor!