Clonidine is a direct-acting alpha2 adrenergic agonist prescribed historically as an antihypertensive agent. It has found new uses, including treatment of some types of neuropathic pain, opioid detoxification, sleep hyperhydrosis, and, off-label, to counter the side effects of stimulant medications such as methylphenidate or amphetamine. It is becoming a more accepted treatment for insomnia, as well as for relief of menopausal symptoms. Clonidine is increasingly used in conjunction with stimulants to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), where it's given in late afternoon and/or evening for sleep, and because it sometimes helps moderate ADHD-associated impulsive and oppositional behavior, and may reduce tics. Clonidine can also be used in the treatment of Tourette syndrome.

The main use for this medication is used to treat high blood pressure. It works by stimulating certain brain receptors (alpha adrenergic type) which results in the relaxing of blood vessels in other parts of the body, causing them to widen. It has specificity towards the presynaptic alpha 2 receptors in the Vasomotor Center in the CNS. This binding inhibits the production of NE (Norepinephrine), thus decreasing sympathetic Outflow. The parasympathetic activity predominates.

This medication may also be used to ease withdrawal symptoms associated with the long-term use of narcotics, alcohol and nicotine (smoking). In addition, clonidine has also been used for migraine headaches, hot flashes associated with menopause, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Clonidine is regularly prescribed to opiate addicts to help alleviate their withdrawal symptomology. It is mainly used to combat the sympathetic nervous system response to opiate withdrawal, namely tachycardia and hypertension, in the first couple days of withdrawals. It helps take away the sweating, hot/cold flashes, and general restlessness. The sedation effect is also useful

This drug may cause drowsiness, lightheadedness, dry mouth, dizziness, or constipation. Clonidine may also cause hypotension. Sucking on sugarless hard candy or ice chips, chewing sugarless gum, drinking water, and using a saliva substitute may help relieve dry mouth.

Before taking any prescription medicine, it is important that you consult your doctor!